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Zhang Dainian’s Zhang Xunian’s discussion on Zhang Xunian
Author: Cao Shuming (produced by the School of Philosophy, Xishu Fan, Jinxi)
Source: Author Author Authorized Confucianism Network, Originally published on Taiwan’s “Philosophy and Civilization Monthly”, 2024, Issue 2
Content Summary: Zhang Daiinian’s discussion on Zhang Xunian is from the 30th to the 1990s. It uses the evolution of philosophical historical methods as a thread, and can be divided into three stages, and each stage has its own specific historical meaning. Zhang Dainian’s cosmic theory, which is positioned by Zhang Dainian as a magnanimous or materialistic theory, not only highlights the transcendence of its “magnanimous” but also opens up the influential statement of the three Departments of Taoism in Song and Ming. He also showed his life theory from the perspectives of the unity of man and nature, the two-way discussion, the mind, and the human psychological thoughts, and pointed out his characteristic knowledge theory from the perspectives of the types of knowledge, the source and scope of knowledge, the standard of true knowledge, and the way of knowledge. In addition, through the assessment of Guanluo relationship and the publication and circulation of Zhang’s works, the foundation of Zhang’s philosophy research was laid. These are all protruding progress published in the philosophical form research based on modern meaning. Regarding Zhang Dainian’s positioning of Zhang Su’s stubborn or materialistic theory, the subsequent academic community may continue to develop, criticize or establish new statements. This diversified format of research and development can demonstrate the diversified direction of Zhang Xuan philosophy from multiple dimensions, which is worth advocating.
Keywords: Zhang Dainian, Zhang Xuan, gas-oriented, materialism, research and development
1. Media
From the 30th to the 1990s of the 20th century, Zhang Xuan was always Zhang Dainian’s main focus. His research and discussion stands out with unique views and extensive influence, and is a representative of the eccentric school of Zhang You’s research and discussion. However, when the academic community reflects on Zhang Dainian’s Zhang Fu’s discussion, it is important to focus on his positioning of Zhang Fu’s stubborn or materialistic theory, and ignores his detailed arguments and his development of other ideas for Zhang Fu’s包養網掘。 The opponents tend to refute it and often ignore its certain level of justice, especially in the process of transitioning from traditional academic research to modern philosophy with modern meaning. WinThe new insights proposed by the adults against the opponent also lack sufficient and powerless response. This situation is obviously obscure because of the full recognition of Zhang Dainian’s contributions in the Zhang Sui seminar, and will also indirectly affect the promotion of Zhang Sui seminar.
The three stages of discussion by Zhang Qiong and Zhang Qi
The evolution of discussion by philosophical history is the thread. Zhang Dainian’s discussion by Zhang Qi can be divided into three historical stages:
The first stage is the Japanese period. In 1932, Zhang Dainian published an article “Certification Method in Philosophy after Qin Dynasty”, which included the idea of Zhang Xuan’s proof method. This is the beginning of his focus on Zhang Liu. In 1934, the two articles “The Greatest Chinese Knowledge” explored Zhang Xiu’s intellectual theory and his popularity respectively. The “Chinese Philosophy Big” written in 1937 (hereinafter referred to as “Big”) will be revealed in three aspects: cosmic theory, life theory, and aspirational theory. In this stage, Zhang Dainian used a research and development form that combines Chinese and Western cultures, and proposed a clear way to discuss principles: “examine its basic direction”, “analyze its destiny and meaning”, “examine its theoretical system”, and “identify its development source”. [2] He particularly attaches great importance to the exploration of materialism and proof traditions in Chinese philosophy. In other words, the “Western” at this time pointed to Marx’s materialism in him, but it was academic rather than political. It is necessary to point out that Zhang Dainian did not simply copy Marx’s current conclusions, but instead created a creative development, and the settlement he discussed was also the “new materialism” he created himself. In this stage, the creation of the new materialist system and the research on Chinese philosophical history were supported by each other.
The second stage is the 50th year of the 20th century. Zhang Dainian not only published a series of special articles such as Zhang Renqu’s Philosophy, but also published the first domestic research and development of Zhang Xuan’s special work “Zhang Huan – Chinese Materialist Philosopher in the Eleventh Century”. At this time, he had been influenced by the definition of “philosophical history, that is, the history of the struggle between materialism and idealism” [3]. Materialism also shifted from the academic level to the political level for Zhang Dainian. From this, his application of materialism also appears to be somewhat rigid and educational. Focusing on the analysis of the level, and vigorously proclaiming that Zhang Xu is a materialist philosopher and a theocraticist, and he believes that his “material philosophy system is established in a battle with the idealism of teaching”, [4] all show the basic characteristics of this stage.
The third stage is from the end of the 1970s to the 1990s. The topical articles include , etc. At this stage, Zhang Dainian pointed out that the definition of the philosophical history of the Japanese Nov had a simple direction, but he still preserved the argument that materialism and idealism were fighting. In fact, this is based on its emphasis on materialism.And it is not just a stance on the definition of Zhitanov. During this period, Zhang Dainian’s philosophical historical methodology has three points worth noting: First, he believes that China’s modern materialism and idealism have its own characteristics. Second, we emphasize the specific analysis of philosophical history based on the basic principles of materialism and historical materialism. “It is impossible to regard the basic principles of materialism as a simple formula, and we do not ask the guest heroine Wan Yurou is the only young actress in the Jiabao period. There is also a practical situation next to it, and it is applied in a teaching manner.” [5] Third, it emphasizes the theoretical analysis of philosophers’ conceptual models, philosophical topics and philosophical systems. Regarding Zhang Xiu, Zhang Dainian assessed the logic levels of his conceptual model. He believed that “the simplicity, the simplicity, the nature, and the mind are all important models of Zhang Xiu’s philosophy.” Among them, the simplicity and the atmosphere are the same level, and nature is from the simplicity, and nature and God are the same level. “In Zhang Xiu’s philosophy, the heaven, the Tao, the simplicity, the simplicity, the simplicity are all the simplicity; and God and nature are what the simplicity have. Therefore, Zhang Xiu’s saying it should be the simplicity of the simplicity.” [6] Although we disagree with Zhang Dainian’s views, the theoretical analysis method he advocated and its specific requests still have great reference value to this day.
The three stages discussed by Zhang Dainian all have the main meaning of not being ignored. The first stage is representative in the modern transformation process discussed by Zhang You. In other words, in reminding Zhang Xiu’s broad-mindedness of Philosophy, Zhang Dainian’s achievements are protruding. In the second stage, Zhang Xun’s discussions in the mainland were closely related to politics, and Zhang Dainian’s related discussions were synchronized with the times. In the third stage, we reflected on the teaching and rigid research and discussion forms of the early period of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, which was also reflected in Zhang Dainian’s Zhang’s research and development. To be objectively speaking, the first stage is more practical than the second and third stages, and the arguments and conclusions are more practical. However, despite the difficulty in political interference in the second and third stages, Zhang Xuan researchers later regarded it as an important target for the development point or criticism of the research. In other words, in the history of Zhang Su’s research, the results of Zhang Daien’s second and third stages can also be surpassed, but they cannot be surpassed directly.
3. Remind Zhang Xiu’s contribution to “philosophy”
Regarding Zhang Xiu, Cheng and Zhu’s judgment can be regarded as a study on broad meaning. However, before the Chinese, classical annotation style, that is, the form of academic research, has always been the most important research method, and the content involved is mainly concentrated on Zhang Shu’s representative work “Zheng Meng”. Students in the modern era began TC: